Biography

>

Alfons Mucha ee France

>Shaqo sii kordheysa ee sharafta leh>Bilawga qarniga cusub>New York iyo soo noqoshada ilaa Prague

Dhawrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay

Alfons Maria Mucha - mararka qaar waxaa loogu yeeraa hab Faransiis ah sida Alphonse Mucha - waxa uu ku dhashay 24 July 1860 ee Ivancice, Moravia, ee Boqortooyada. Austro Hungarian. Sawir-qaade iyo farshaxan-yaqaan, waxa lagu xasuustaa inuu yahay mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu muhiimsan ee Art Nouveau . Sii wadista waxbarashadiisa ilaa dugsiga sare mahad waxqabadkiisa chorister ahaan, wuxuu ku nool yahay caasimadda Moravia, Brno, inta ka horeysana wuxuu muujinayaa hami weyn oo sawirista. Sidaa darteed wuxuu bilaabay inuu u shaqeeyo sidii rinjiye wax lagu qurxiyo, oo inta badan la tacaalaya ciyaaraha masraxa, ka hor inta uusan u guurin Vienna 1879. Halkan waxa uu ka shaqeeyay sidii naqshadeeye u gaar ah shirkad muhiim ah. Waa waayo-aragnimo muhiim ah oo u oggolaanaysa Alfons Mucha inuu kordhiyo xirfadihiisa faneed iyo aqoontiisa farsamada.

Sidoo kale eeg: Taariikh nololeedka Enzo Bearzot

Dab dartiis, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa lagu qasbay inuu ku laabto Moravia dhowr sano ka dib. Waxa uu dib u bilaabay hawshiisa sawir-qaade iyo qurxin markii Count Karl Khuen Belasi ee Mikulov uu muujiyay xiisaha uu u qabo tayadiisa. Wuxuu u doortaa inuu ku qurxiyo qalcyadiisa ku yaal Tyrol iyo Moravia oo leh muraayado. Mar labaad mahadsanid tirinta, Mucha wuxuu ku xisaabtami karaa taageero dhaqaale oo weyn, taas oo uu ku leeyahayfursad aad isku diwaangeliso oo aad dhigto Akadeemiyada Farshaxanka Fine ee Munich.

Sidoo kale eeg: Taariikh nololeedka Tony Blair

Alfons Mucha ee Faransiiska

Ka dib muddo is-wax-barasho ah, farshaxankii Czech wuxuu u guuray Faransiiska, Paris, wuxuuna sii watay waxbarashadiisii ​​ugu horreysay ee Académie Julian ka dibna Académie Colarossi, isagoo soo bandhigaya naftiisa oo ah mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan uguna mahadnaqa rinjiyeynta Art Nouveau . 1891 wuxuu la kulmay Paul Gauguin wuxuuna bilaabay wadashaqeyn la leh "Petit Français Illustree", kaas oo uu sii wadi doono ilaa 1895.

6 ", waxaa qoray Charles Seignobos. 1894-kii waxaa loo xilsaaray hawsha abuurista boodhadh si uu kor ugu qaado ciyaartii Victor Sardou ee "Gismonda", iyadoo Sarah Bernhardt ay ahayd jilaagii. Waad ku mahadsan tahay shaqadan, Alfons Muchawuxuu helayaa qandaraas lix sano ah.Shaqooyinka sharafta leh ee sii kordhaya> 1896 "The Four Seasons" ayaa la daabacay, guddiga ugu horreeya ee qurxinta. Dhanka kale, Alfons waxa uu helayaa shaqooyin xagga sawirka xayeysiiska ah (gaar ahaan, Lefèvre-Utile, warshad buskud ah). Sannadka soo socda, 107 ka mid ah shuqulladiisa ayaa lagu martiqaaday Bodinière Gallery ee bandhig ay sameeyeen "Journal des artistes". Dhawr bilood ka dib, Salon des Vents, bandhig hal nin ah ayaa la dejiyay iyada oo leh shaqooyin badan oo kale, in ka badan 400.1898, inParis, rinjiilaha Czech waxa loo bilaabay Freemasonry. Sannadka soo socda Alfons Mucha waxa u wakiishay Wasiirka Tareennada ee Austria si uu u qaabeeyo oo u dhammaystiro boodhka ka-qaybgalka Boqortooyada Austro-Hungary ee Bandhigga Caalamiga ah ee Paris ee loo qorsheeyay sannadka soo socda. Dhacdadan, sidoo kale, wuxuu naftiisa u huray qurxinta taarikada Bosnia.

Bilowgii qarniga cusub

> 1900, wuxuu bilaabay inuu u shaqeeyo George Fouquet ee dahabka, isagoo dooranaya naqshadeeda gudaha. Waa mid ka mid ah tusaalooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee alaabta guriga ee Art Nouveau ee sanadahaas. Ka dib markii uu helay Legion of Honor 1901, Mucha waxa uu daabacay buug-gacmeedka farsamada gacanta, oo cinwaankiisu yahay "Documents Décoratifs", kaas oo uu ugu talagalay in uu qaabkiisa u sheego farcanka. 1903-dii ee Paris wuxuu la kulmay Maria Chytilova, oo noqon lahayd xaaskiisa, oo sawiray laba ka mid ah sawiradeeda, halka dhowr sano ka dib uu daabacay, Maktabadda Centrale des Beaus- Farshaxanka, "Tirooyinka Qurxinta", oo ka kooban afartan miis oo matalaya dhalinyarada, haweenka iyo kooxaha dadka ee qaababka joomatari.

New York iyo ku soo laabashada Prague

> Ka dib markii ay is guursadeen Prague, kaniisada Strahov, Maria, intii u dhaxaysay 1906 iyo 1910 Alfons Mucha wuxuu ku noolaa Maraykanka, New York. , halkaas oo gabadhiisa Jaroslava ku dhalatay. GudahaDhanka kale, Charles R. Crane, oo ah bilyaneer Mareykan ah, wuxuu ogolaaday inuu bixiyo tabaruc dhaqaale si uu u maalgeliyo mid ka mid ah shaqadiisa weyn, "Slavic Epic".6 waxaa loo xilsaaray in ay u qaabeeyaan waraaqaha lacagta, stamps-ka iyo dukumentiyada dawladda ee qaranka curdinka ah.> Laga soo bilaabo 1918 kii wuxuu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaray aasaaskii Komensky ee Prague, Czech Lodge ugu horreeyay, ka dibna wuxuu noqday Master Master of Grand Lodge ee Czechoslovakia.

Dhawrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay

Sannadkii 1921-kii waxa uu sharaf u ahaa in uu mid ka mid ah bandhigyadiisa gaarka ah ka dhigay magaalada New York ee dalka Maraykanka, gaar ahaan Matxafka Brooklyn, sanadaha soo socdana waxa uu naftiisa u huray dhamaystirka " Epopea slava ", wuxuu bilaabmay 1910, kaas oo loo tixgeliyo farshaxankiisa oo ay ku jiraan sawirro taxane ah oo sheegaya sheekada dadka Slavic.

Alfons Mucha waxa uu ku dhintay 14 Luulyo 1939 Prague: wax yar ka hor inta aan la xidhin Gestapo, su'aalo la waydiiyay ka dibna la sii daayay, ka dib duulaankii Czechoslovakia ee Jarmalka . Meydkiisa waxaa lagu aasay qabuuraha magaalada Vysehrad.