Taariikh nololeedka • Wajigaas oo kale ayaa sidan u yaraa

>Charles Spencer Chaplin waxa uu ku dhashay Abriil 16, 1889, gudaha London, xaafadaha caadiga ah ee agagaaraha. Aabuhu wuxuu ahaa guitto-ga musuc-hall guitto oo balwad u qaba inuu wax cabbo halka hooyada, heesaa dhexdhexaad ah, ay ku adag tahay inay shaqo helaan, waxay Charles iyo Sidney (walaal afar sano jir ah) u wakiisheen xarun agoon ah oo ay ku jiraan laba sano.

Sidaa darteed wuxuu ahaa caruurnimadiisii ​​adag. Kuwaas oo lagu soo kordhiyo wareeg, isku xigxig murugo leh, dhibaatooyin kale oo ka soo jeeda xaaladdaas darxumada aadanaha iyo maadiga ah. Ma aha oo kaliya in waalidku mar uun kala tagaan, laakiin hooyadu waxay sidoo kale ku dhici doontaa jirro maskaxeed oo xun oo ku qasbi doonta imaatinka xanuunka badan ee isbitaalka iyo daalka dib ugu soo noqoshada goobta. Waxaas oo dhan dhexdooda, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Charlie Chaplin waxa ay si xoog leh u kobcisaa dareenka baahida loo qabo hagaajinta, hamiga nolol sharaf leh oo lagu daro caqligiisa dhalanteed iyo kartida uu ku fahmi karo dhinacyada mugdiga dhabta ah. kuwa kale.

Tayada Charles da'da yar, dhanka kale, si dhakhso ah ayey isu muujisaa. Kaliya todobo sano jir wuxuu horeyba u wajaho masraxa heesaaga halka afar iyo toban jir uu helay qeybihiisa masraxa ugu horeeya (ka labaad wuxuu ku jiraa Sherlock Holmes kaas oo ku arki doona dalxiis waqti dheer). Marka la soo koobo, lama odhan karo, ma uusan samayn tababarkii caadiga ahaa, ee aqoonta uu u leeyahay dunidashow ma aha mid dhamaystiran. Dugsi nololeed oo u horseedaya da'da sagaal iyo toban jir in ay aqbasho shirkadda caanka ah ee pantomime ee Fred Karno, kaas oo ay wada shaqeynayeen dhowr sano ka hor safarkii weynaa ee Maraykanka, fursadaas oo ka dhigi doonta inuu ogaado mid ka duwan, oo xor ah. iyo in ka badan oo ka buuxa fursadaha.

Sidoo kale eeg: Taariikh nololeedka Maria Montessoriee booqa'', oo ay kusoo bandhigtay, kusoo-ban-dhigtay sannadkii 1913-kii, markii uu soo-saare Mack Senett-ku-soo-saaray, isaga oo u horseeday in uu heshiis-filimkiisii ​​ugu horreeyay la saxeexdo Keystone, sannadkii 1913-kii. Sannadkii 1914-kii ayuu ka soo muuqday shaashadda markii ugu horreysay (ciwaanka: "Si aad u kasbato nolol"). Majaajilada gaaban ee loogu talagalay Sennett, Charlie Chaplinwaxay u beddeshay caricature-ka uu dhisay waqti ka dib, "Chas" (nooca shaqo la'aanta ah ee loo qoondeeyey oo keliya shukaansi ), oo loo yaqaan 'horyaalka bini'aadamnimada taas oo ah tramp "Charlot" (oo markii hore loo yaqaan "Charlie" laakiin ka dibna loo beddelay Charlot 1915 qaybiye Faransiis ah), baakadeeyay Chaplin "direys" lama ilaawaan ah oo ka kooban shaar madow, koofiyad bowdada, jaakad dhuuban iyo gaaban, boorso iyo surwaal aan qaab lahayn iyo ul bambo- .

Hawsha, sida wakhtigu u ahaan lahaa, waa frenetic: 35 majaajillo ah oo loo sameeyay Keystone 1914 oo keliya (sidoo kale sidoo kale agaasime ahaan), 14 ee Essanay ee 1915-16, 12 ee Mutual ee 1917. Aad u weyn tirada shaqada taas oo si kastaba ha ahaatee gacan ka geysata in si dhab ah loo bilaabo Charlot haddawaxa uu galay quluubta malaayiin qof oo dunida dacaladeeda ah. 1918, dhab ahaantii, Chapli sidoo kale waxaa loo tixgelin karaa " yimid": waa qani, caan ah oo lagu muransan yahay. Imtixaan? Sannadkaas waxa uu heshiis hal milyan oo doolar ah la saxeexday First National kaas oo uu sameeyay sagaal filim oo dhererkiisu dhexdhexaad yahay ilaa 1922 (oo ay ku jiraan Classics dhamaystiran sida "A Dog's Life", "Charlot Soldier", "The Brat", "Phiday Day" iyo "Xaajigii").

Filimta weyn ee ay soo saartay United Artists waxay raacaan (guriga uu aasaasay Chaplin 1919kii oo uu la socday Douglas Fairbanks sr., DW Griffith iyo Mary Pickford): "Naagtii ka timid Paris" (kaas oo uu agaasime ka yahay) "Gold Rush" iyo "The Circus ee 1920-meeyadii"; "Nalalka Magaalada" iyo "Modern Time" ee 1930-meeyadii; "Kaligii-taliyihii weynaa" (kicinta naasinimada iyo faashiistaha) iyo "Monsieur Verdoux" 1940-meeyadii; "Limelight" ee 1952.

Sidoo kale eeg: Giovanni Storti, Biography

Shaqsiyaad caam ah, oo si caalami ah loo ammaanay, Charlie Chaplin sidoo kale waxay lahayd nolol gaar ah oo aad u daran, taas oo halyeeyo nooc walba leh ay ku faafeen, ilaa maantana ma cadda. Si kastaba arrintu ha ahaatee, iyadoo caddaynaysa dareenka dareenka dabeecadda, afar guur ayaa ka marag kacaya, wax la mid ah toban carruur ah "rasmi ah" iyo xiriiro badan, oo badanaa duufaan leh oo leh kala dirid adag. waxay calaamadeeyeen nolosha majaajiliistaha weyn (la qiraykelmadani aad uma yara dhimin). Asalka Yuhuuda ee lagu eedeeyay iyo naxariista fikradaha bidixda iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa ayaa keenay isaga dhibaatooyin badan, oo ay ku jiraan in lagu soo rogay koontaroolka FBI tan iyo 1922. '47, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa xitaa la jiiday ka hor Guddiga Hawlaha Un-American , oo looga shakisan yahay ficil ahaan shuuci: eedayn isaga ku kacday burintii '52' (inta uu Chaplin ku sii socday London), ogolaanshaha dib ugu soo noqoshada USA.

1953 Chaplins waxay degeen Switzerland, meel u dhow Vevey, halkaas oo Charles uu ku dhiman doono December 25, 1977. Charlie Chaplin intii uu ku guda jiray xirfadiisa waligiis kuma uusan guuleysan abaalmarinta Oscar ee jilaaga ugu fiican ama agaasimaha ugu fiican. Isaga, marka lagu daro xirfadda dambe ee Oscar ee 1972, Oscar ee laxamiistaha muusikada ugu wanaagsan mar kale 1972 filimka "Limelight" (filim la sameeyay labaatan sano ka hor).

Filimtiisii ​​ugu dambaysay ("King in New York", 1957, iyo "The Countess of Hong Kong", 1967), "Autobiography" (1964), dhawaaqa dib-u-cusbooneysiinta shuqulladiisii ​​hore iyo Mashaariic badan oo aan dhammayn ayaa xaqiijiyay ilaa daqiiqaddii ugu dambaysay firfircoonida fannaanka oo lagu tirin doono dhowrka waaweeyn ee qarnigeenna (gabayaagii weynaa ee Ruushka V. Maiakovski xitaa wuxuu u hibeeyay gabay isaga).