Biography • Degenaansho la'aan joogto ah

>Aleksandr Sergeevic Pushkin waxa uu ku dhashay Moscow bishii Juun 6, 1799 (May 26 ee kalandarka Julian ka dibna loo isticmaalo Ruushka) qoys yar laakiin aad u qadiimi ah oo sharaf leh. Waxa uu ku koray deegaan ku habboon suugaanta: abtigii aabbihiis Vasily waxa uu ahaa gabayaa, aabbihiis waxa uu ku farxay gabayada, waxana uu ku soo noqnoqday qorayaasha caanka ah sida Karamzin iyo Zhukovsky.

Guriga uu ku nool yahay waxaa ka buuxa buugaag, gaar ahaan Faransiiska, kuwaas oo kicinaya akhriska hore. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Pushkin waa mid liidata jacaylka: inta lagu guda jiro caruurnimadiisa iyo qaan-gaarnimada, waxaa lagu aaminay, sida uu qabo caadada wakhtigaas, daryeelka macallimiinta Faransiiska iyo Jarmalka, iyo in ka sarreeya kuwa "njanja" Arina Rodionovna, oo ah jaantus loo isticmaalo. si uu ugu sheego sheeko xariirooyin caan ah oo qadiimi ah.

Pushkin wuxuu heli doonaa deegaan u adeegi doona sidii qoyska ku-meel-gaadhka ah muddada u dhaxaysa sannadihii 1812 iyo 1817 ee dugsiga sare ee Tsarskoe Selo. Marka uu dhammeeyo waxbarashadiisa, waxa uu shaqo ka helay wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda; dhanka kale waxa uu si mug leh uga qayb qaataa nolosha bulshada iyo suugaanta caasimadda.

Sidoo kale eeg: Taariikh nololeedkii Shakira

Sababtoo ah qaar ka mid ah curiyeyaasha kacaanka waxa uu ku xidhnaa Ekaterinoslav fog. Halkan Aleksandr Pushkin wuu bukoodaa: isagu waa martida qoyska Raevsky. Kadib wuxuu raacay Raevskys safar uu ku tagay Crimea iyo Caucasus, laakiin dhamaadkii 1820 wuxuu ku qasbanaaday inuu gaaro xarunta cusub ee Kisinëv, Moldavia. Waxay ku sii jiraysaa ilaa 1823, marka la helowareejinta Odessa. Halkan waxa uu ku nool yahay nolol aan caadi ahayn, oo ay ku dheehan tahay wakhtiga uu ku qaatay laba dumar ah oo uu jecel yahay: Dalmatian Amalia Riznic iyo xaaska Count Voroncov, guddoomiyaha degaanka.

2> 1823, dhexda mid ka mid ah waraaqihiisa oo uu ku muujiyay fikrado ku habboon cibaadada, xafiiska boqortooyada ayaa shaqada ka ceyriyay: Pushkin waxaa lagu qasbay inuu ku noolaado qoyska Michajlovskoe, oo u dhow Pskov. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, go'doominta qasabka ah kama hor istaagin inuu ka qaybqaato kacdoonkii Decembrist ee 1825 (kacaankii Decembrist wuxuu dhici doonaa December 26, 1825: saraakiisha ciidamada Imperial waxay hogaamin doonaan ilaa 3000 oo askari oo isku dayaya in ay u hoggaansamaan Ruushka dhinaca xoriyada. dhaqaalaha, oo ka fog absolutism taas oo boqortooyadii lagu qasbay ilaa wakhtigaas, sidoo kale la halgamaya ka soo horjeeda dawladda booliiska iyo faafreebka).

Sannadkii 1826 kii Tsar Nicholas I ayaa Pushkin u yeedhay Moscow si uu u siiyo fursad madax furasho ah. Cafisku dhab ahaantii wuxuu qariyay rabitaanka inuu si toos ah isaga ilaaliyo. Gabayaaga Ruushku isu tanaasulka awoodeed waxa uu fogeeyaa xamaasaddii dhalinyarada.

1830 kii wuxuu guursaday Natal'ja Goncharova oo qurux badan, taasoo siin doonta afar carruur ah, sidoo kale waxay siin doontaa murugo badan oo ku saabsan dhaqan xumada kicinaysa xanta maxkamadda. Mid ka mid ah dhacdooyinkan ka dib, Pushkin waxa uu ku xujeeyay baron Faransiis ah Georges D'Anthès in uu dagaal galo,Petersburg. Waxay ahayd Janaayo 27, 1837: dhaawac dhimasho ah, Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin ayaa dhintay dhowr maalmood ka dib, Janaayo 29.

Shaqooyinka ugu weyn ee riixaysa:

Gabay

- Ruslan iyo Lyudmila Waxaa ka mid ah: Maxbuuska Caucasus (1820-1821), Bachcisaraj's Fountain (1822), Brothers Bandit (1821)2> - Yevgeny Onegin (1823-1831)

- The Knight of bronze 1833, la daabacay 1841)

Qormo

- Taariikhda kacdoonkii Pugachev (1834)

- Safarka Arzrum intii lagu jiray kacdoonkii 1829 (1836)

<2 Tiyaatarka

- Boris Godunov (1825, la daabacay 1831), kaas oo dhiirigeliyay libretto ee opera ee isla magaca Modest Petrovi-Musorgsky

- Mozart iyo Salieri (1830, microdrama in aayadda)

- Iiddii inta lagu guda jiro cudurka (1830, microdrama ee aayadda)

- The darxumo jilbaha (1830, microdrama ee aayadda)

- Martida dhagax 1830, microdrama aayadda)

Sheekooyinka aayadda

>> - Tiri Nulin (1825)> 1824)

- Poltava (1828)

Sheeko sheeko-xariir ah aayadda

> - Tsar Nikita iyo afartan gabdhood (1822)

- Sheekada Pop iyo gacantiisa (1830)

- Sheekada Tsar Saltan (1831)

- Sheekada kalluumaysatada iyo kalluunka yar (1833)

- Sheekada Tsarevna Morta iyo Toddobada Bogatyrs (1833)

- Sheekada Cockerel Dahab ah (1834)

2> Khayaaliga tiraabta

- Negro of Peter Great (1828, aan dhammayn)

- Sheekooyinka gaaban ee dabayaaqadii Ivan Petrovich Belkin. Waxay ka mid yihiin shan sheeko gaaban oo lagu qoray Bòldino deyrta 1830 ( toogtay, duufaan, Sameeyaha naxashka, Boostaha, sayidka beeraleyda)

Sidoo kale eeg: Coco Ponzoni, Biography2> - Boqoradda Spades (1834)2> - Kirdzali (1834)

- Gabadha Kabtanka ah (1836)